Common classification methods for mechanical bearings.

1. Classification by structure: rolling bearings and sliding bearings. Rolling bearings reduce friction by rolling the rolling elements (such as steel balls, rollers, etc.) between the inner and outer rings, and are suitable for high-speed, high-precision and low-noise occasions. Sliding bearings support and position the shaft by sliding friction between the journal and the bearing shell, and are suitable for low-speed, heavy-load and impact occasions.

2. Classification by force direction: radial bearings and thrust bearings. Radial bearings mainly bear radial loads, that is, forces perpendicular to the axis; thrust bearings mainly bear axial loads, that is, forces parallel to the axis.

3. Classification by lubrication method: oil-lubricated bearings and grease-lubricated bearings. Oil-lubricated bearings reduce friction and heat dissipation by circulating lubricating oil inside the bearings, and are suitable for high-speed, heavy-load and high-temperature occasions. Grease-lubricated bearings apply grease inside the bearings to reduce friction by the viscosity and adhesion of the grease, and are suitable for low-speed, light-load and intermittent operation occasions.

The performance of mechanical bearings directly affects the operating efficiency, precision and life of mechanical equipment. A high-quality bearing should have the following characteristics:

1. High precision: The machining accuracy of the inner and outer rings, rolling elements and cages of the bearing should meet the design requirements to ensure the rotation accuracy and stability of the bearing.

2. High load-bearing capacity: The bearing should be able to withstand the specified radial, axial and combined loads to ensure that the mechanical equipment will not fail during normal operation.

3. Excellent lubrication performance: The bearing should have good lubrication performance to reduce friction and wear and increase the service life of the bearing.

4. Wear and corrosion resistance: The bearing material should have good wear resistance and corrosion resistance to adapt to various complex working environments.

5. Low noise and vibration: The bearing should generate less noise and vibration during operation to improve the comfort and stability of the mechanical equipment.

In order to ensure the normal operation of the mechanical bearing and extend its service life, regular maintenance is required, such as replacing grease, cleaning the bearing, and checking the wear of the bearing. At the same time, when installing and disassembling the bearing, the operating procedures and precautions should be followed to avoid damaging the bearing or affecting the performance of the mechanical equipment.